Here’s what to see in the winding mazes of Fez’s historic quarters

The Medina of Fez is more than a historic site; it’s an intricate tapestry of Moroccan culture, religion, and craftsmanship. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Medina is the spiritual and cultural heartbeat of Morocco.

It is divided into two distinct sections: Fez el Bali, the older part, which feels like stepping back a thousand years into a labyrinthine maze of alleyways, and Fez el Jedid, the newer area that reflects the city’s royal and administrative past. Both parts offer unique glimpses into the city’s layered history, making it essential to explore them together to grasp the essence of Fez.

Here’s an in-depth guide to the essential landmarks that every visitor must experience within these two fascinating sections of the Medina.

Fez el Bali: The Ancient Heart of Fez

Fez el Bali is the oldest part of the Medina, believed to have been founded in the 9th century. It’s a living, breathing museum where life continues much as it has for centuries.

Here, the sounds of artisans hammering copper and the aroma of freshly baked bread create a sensory overload that is quintessentially Moroccan. Wandering through its narrow streets is like peeling back the layers of a city that has resisted the passage of time.

Bab Boujloud (The Blue Gate)

An islamic gateway — The blue gate acts as the de facto entrance to the Fez el Bali | Jesus Salas Dual / Shutterstock

The grand entrance to Fez el Bali, Bab Boujloud, is a striking piece of Moorish architecture. Its vibrant blue tiles on one side and green tiles on the other symbolize the city’s dual identity as a center of culture and religion. This gateway is a symbol of transition between the modern city and the historical treasure trove that lies within.

From Bab Boujloud, the Medina unfolds into a maze of streets where traditional shops line the alleys. Beyond the gate, you’ll find restaurants offering local delicacies like b’stilla and harira, perfect for a quick bite as you explore. The energy here is unmatched, particularly in the late afternoon as locals and tourists converge.

Arrive early in the morning to capture the gate in the soft light of sunrise, and return at sunset to watch it glow in the day’s fading light. Be sure to explore the nearby Bou Jeloud Gardens, which provide a quiet space to unwind after your initial foray into the Medina.

Al Quaraouiyine Mosque and University

Green roofs and a white marble courtyard — The green roofs of Al-Quaraouiyine Mosque | **Wirestock Creators / Shutterstock**

Founded in 859 AD by Fatima al-Fihri, Al Quaraouiyine is both the world’s oldest university (even older than Bologna) and an enduring symbol of Islamic scholarship. The mosque’s towering minaret serves as a focal point in the skyline, while its meticulously laid zellij tiles shimmer under the sunlight.

Although non-Muslims cannot enter the prayer hall, the surrounding streets offer plenty to explore. The Attarine Library, part of the same complex, is a beautifully restored space that hints at the vast scholarly contributions of Fez. Wander around the area, where bookstores and small artisan shops carry on the spirit of learning and craftsmanship.

Bou Inania Madrasa

An islamic courtyard — Bou Inania is open to non-muslims, making it the busiest | **saiko3p / Shutterstock**

A masterpiece of Marinid architecture, the Bou Inania Madrasa is one of the few religious sites in Morocco open to non-Muslims. Built in the 14th century, it features intricate stucco carvings, cedarwood details, and a stunning green-tiled minaret. The madrasa’s restoration highlights its importance as both a religious and architectural landmark.

The symmetrical courtyard, adorned with marble and onyx, is a perfect example of Moroccan design’s balance between functionality and beauty. Don’t miss the delicate calligraphy that adorns the walls, offering verses of spiritual guidance and reflection. Visitors often describe the madrasa as a peaceful haven amidst the Medina’s cacophony.

Spend time soaking in the atmosphere here. It’s not just about seeing the details but feeling the serenity that this space embodies.

Al-Attarine Madrasa

Islamic architecture, including windows and columns — The Al-Attarine Madrasa is a perfect example of intricate Islamic architecture in Morocco | **Maurizio De Mattei / Shutterstock**

Tucked into the vibrant, labyrinthine streets of Fez el Bali, the Al-Attarine Madrasa is a marvel of Marinid architecture that deserves as much attention as its famous neighbor, the Bou Inania Madrasa. Built in the early 14th century by Sultan Abu Saïd Uthman II, this madrasa functioned as both a school and a spiritual sanctuary. Its name comes from the bustling Souk al-Attarine nearby, where the scent of spices lingers in the air and sets the stage for the grandeur within.

Step into its courtyard, and you’ll be struck by the craftsmanship—an intricate interplay of cedarwood carvings, shimmering zellij tiles, and a marble fountain at its heart. The fountain isn’t just decorative; it’s the centerpiece of a meticulously designed space that embodies Moroccan ideals of beauty and balance. The walls are a feast for the eyes, adorned with arabesques and Quranic verses that speak to the devotion of those who created them.

The Tanneries of Chouara

Men work in a traditional tannery — Be prepared for some very strong smells at Chouara | **A.Pushkin / Shutterstock**

Perhaps the most iconic image of Fez, the Chouara Tanneries are an everlasting visualisation of the city’s leatherworking heritage. The process of dyeing hides in vast stone vats filled with natural pigments is both fascinating and pungent. This centuries-old craft employs traditional methods, and the tanneries’ vibrant colors make for stunning photographs.

For the best views, head to one of the surrounding terraces, where shopkeepers often provide explanations about the tanning process. Early morning visits are ideal; the smells are less intense, and the colors are more vivid under the rising sun. A scarf or mask can help with the pungent odor of the tanning vats, which is part of the authentic experience.

If you’re looking to purchase leather goods, this is the place. The shops around the tanneries offer everything from handbags to slippers, crafted using the very techniques you’ll witness.

Tala'a Kebira

A busy marketplace in an old arabic city — You can find pretty much anything in the souks of Fez, if you look hard enough | **Calin Stan / Shutterstock**

Tala'a Kebira is one of the main arteries of Fez el Bali, a bustling thoroughfare that slices through the heart of the ancient Medina. This lively street, whose name translates to "The Great Slope," serves as both a marketplace and a vibrant snapshot of life in Fez. Along its winding path, visitors encounter a kaleidoscope of activity—from artisans hammering copper to vendors displaying their wares in colorful arrangements.

Among the highlights are the spice stalls, where heaps of cumin, saffron, and turmeric create a tapestry of colors and aromas, and the textile shops displaying handwoven fabrics and embroidered garments.

The street also leads to several key landmarks, including the Al Quaraouiyine Mosque and University. It’s an ideal starting point for exploring the deeper corners of the Medina. Visitors should take their time to absorb the atmosphere, stop for a glass of mint tea at a local cafe, and enjoy the unique rhythm of life along the Tala'a Kebira.

One of the best ways to experience the Souks and winding streets of Fez is with a local, expert guide who can share the city’s stories and ensure the best possible experience. We highly recommend Morocco Travel Organizer, a Fez and wider Morocco individual tour provider focusing strongly on solo female travel and one-on-one / one-on-group interactions. You’ll be able to dive deeper in Fez’s history and culture and you won’t miss any must-hear stories from the past.

Dar Batha Museum

A tiled courtyard with trees — The courtyard of the Dar Batha Museum | **Mitzo / Shutterstock**

Originally a 19th-century palace, the Dar Batha Museum now houses an impressive collection of Moroccan arts and crafts. From ceramics to textiles to carved wooden pieces, the exhibits provide a comprehensive overview of Fez’s artisanal heritage. Each item tells a story of the city’s dedication to craftsmanship and its role as a hub of creativity.

The museum’s Andalusian-style gardens are a highlight, offering a peaceful retreat from the Medina’s frenetic energy.

Fez el Jedid: The "Newer" Medina

Developed in the 13th century, Fez el Jedid served as the city’s royal and administrative hub. Though ‘newer’ and perhaps less well-protected than Fez el Bali, it’s still steeped in history and offers a distinct atmosphere that complements the older Medina’s labyrinthine charm.

Royal Palace (Dar al-Makhzen)

A palace in an Islamic style — The Royal Palace of Fez | **bumihills / Shutterstock**

While the Royal Palace itself is closed to the public, its magnificent bronze doors and intricate tilework are a must-see. Spanning 80 hectares, the palace grounds underscore Fez’s importance as a political and cultural capital.

The surrounding area is equally fascinating, with wide avenues and gardens that hint at the opulence within. Photographers will appreciate the symmetry and detail of the palace’s design, which showcases the finest Moroccan craftsmanship.

Mellah (Jewish Quarter)

Blue buildings in an old quarter — The Jewish Quarter is one of the oldest part of the Fez el Jedid | Ender BAYINDIR / Shutterstock

The Mellah is Fez’s historic Jewish Quarter, once a thriving community of merchants and artisans. Its narrow streets are lined with distinct wooden balconies and unique architectural touches that distinguish it from the rest of the Medina. This area was the heart of Jewish life in Fez, where commerce and craftsmanship flourished for centuries.

Today, the Mellah offers a window into the city’s multicultural past. Visitors can explore the Ibn Danan Synagogue, one of North Africa’s oldest, and stroll through the nearby Jewish cemetery, where ornate tombstones tell stories of generations past. The Mellah is a must-visit for those interested in the cultural diversity that shaped Fez, and it’s conveniently located near other key landmarks in Fez el Jedid.

Ibn Danan Synagogue

The inside of a synagogue — Ibn Danan is one of the oldest synagogues in Africa | **mehdi33300 / Shutterstock**

The Ibn Danan Synagogue, one of the oldest in North Africa, is a highlight. Recently restored, the synagogue provides a glimpse into the religious life of Fez’s Jewish community. Nearby, the Jewish cemetery offers another layer of history, with beautifully inscribed tombstones that tell stories of generations past.

Jnan Sbil Gardens

Manicured gardens and a fountain — This green spot straddles the two parts of the Media | **Jerome LABOUYRIE / Shutterstock**

Located between Fez el Bali and Fez el Jedid, Jnan Sbil Gardens are an oasis of greenery in the city’s heart. With fountains, palm-lined paths, and carefully manicured flowerbeds, the gardens offer a tranquil escape from the Medina’s chaos.

Spend an hour here to recharge before continuing your exploration. The gardens are particularly beautiful in the late afternoon light. Bring a book or a camera to capture the serene atmosphere.

Borj Nord and Merenid Tombs

Ruined stone tombs on a dusty hill — The Merenid Tombs overlook the Medina, offering excellent views | **saiko3p / Shutterstock**

For breathtaking panoramic views of Fez, head to the Borj Nord fortress or the nearby Merenid Tombs. Both sites are perched on hills overlooking the Medina, offering stunning perspectives at sunset.

The Borj Nord also houses a small but fascinating arms museum, showcasing weapons from different periods of Moroccan history.